Flying with an electric bike can be tricky, and knowing the rules ahead of time can save you from potential headaches. Lithium-ion batteries, which power e-bikes, are a growing safety concern for airlines due to the risk of fires. In fact, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) recorded 60 incidents of lithium battery fires aboard commercial aircraft in just the first nine months of 2023. Here's everything you need to know about flying with an e-bike, especially if you're in the U.S.
Are E-Bikes Allowed on Airplanes?
The short answer: it depends on the airline. Many airlines do not allow electric bikes at all due to the lithium-ion battery risk, but some offer options if you remove the battery.
For instance, airlines like American Airlines, United, and Delta have restrictions on battery-powered items. Most notably, e-bike batteries are subject to a limit of 160Wh (watt-hours), and you’ll likely need pre-authorization to carry a battery over 100Wh. This is problematic for most e-bikes, as their batteries often exceed this limit.
That said, a few airlines allow e-bikes without batteries. Alaska Airlines permits e-bikes as long as the battery is removed and carried as hand luggage. However, connecting flights and partner airlines (such as codeshare partners) may have differing rules, which could complicate your travel plans.
Battery Size Limits for Air Travel
The FAA sets clear guidelines: you cannot carry a lithium-ion battery exceeding 100Wh without pre-authorization. With pre-authorization, the limit is 160Wh. Most e-bike batteries significantly exceed these limits.
For example, the battery on a Specialized Turbo Levo SL has a capacity of 320Wh, while the Brompton Electric’s battery is 300Wh—well over the limit. Even lighter models, like the Mahle ebikemotion system, have batteries starting at 236Wh, which means flying with them is likely out of the question.
If you’re still determined to travel with your e-bike, keep reading for potential workarounds, but be prepared for obstacles at check-in.
How to Get Around Airline E-Bike Restrictions
1. Use a Range Extender
Some e-bike systems, like the Mahle ebikemotion or Specialized, offer external range-extender batteries. These can typically fit in a water bottle cage and boost your bike’s total range.
One workaround could be leaving your primary battery at home and only bringing the range extender. For instance, the Specialized range extender is exactly 160Wh—right at the upper limit of what’s allowed with pre-authorization. But remember to check the capacity of your specific range extender, as some, like Mahle's 171Wh range extender, exceed the limit.
Be sure to test whether your e-bike functions solely with the range extender before heading to the airport, as removing the primary battery could affect the bike's performance.
2. Rent a Battery at Your Destination
Another option is to leave your battery behind and rent one once you arrive at your destination. This can work if you're traveling to a popular cycling spot like Colorado or California, where bike shops might offer battery rentals. Just ensure the bike model you’re traveling with uses a common motor and battery system, as not all batteries are compatible across brands.
3. Rent an E-Bike Upon Arrival
If traveling with your e-bike proves too much of a hassle, consider renting an e-bike once you land. Many destinations, especially those known for cycling, offer bike rental services. For city trips, companies like Lime and city-backed bike hire programs (available in places like New York City, San Francisco, and Miami) can provide a simple alternative.
Should You Just Travel Without Your E-Bike?
Weigh the pros and cons of bringing your e-bike versus renting one at your destination. While lightweight e-bikes can be easier to travel with, heavier models are usually subject to additional baggage fees. Plus, there's always the risk that your e-bike will be rejected at the check-in counter, even if you’ve removed the battery.
Renting an e-bike on arrival might not only save you the headache of navigating airline restrictions, but it could also be more cost-effective, especially when factoring in potential airline surcharges for sports equipment. And renting locally gives you access to maintenance and peace of mind during your trip.
Final Tips for Flying with E-Bikes
If you’re set on traveling with your e-bike, ensure it’s packed securely—baggage handlers are notoriously rough with luggage. Remove any loose accessories and consider using a sturdy bike case. Lastly, allow yourself plenty of time at the airport, as you may need to navigate tricky conversations with staff at oversized baggage check-in.
In the end, flying with an e-bike may be possible but requires careful planning. Make sure you know your airline’s specific rules and weigh the options of using a range extender, renting a battery, or opting for an e-bike rental upon arrival. Safe travels!